Marxism especially enters his theory with its emphasis on dialectical materialism, an inversion of an idealist dialectic combined with a materialist account of history, politics, and economics (for example, history, for Hegel is an epistemological movement (one in the study of knowledge) of the dialectic wherein all develops through a triadic process of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis, whereas Marx makes this materialist, so “All history is a history of class struggle” ( Communist Manifesto), which means that history moves in a triadic process, but this is the process of class struggle the epistemological theory of Hegel becomes a (political, sociological) material theory of people or classes). The aesthetic writings were interfused with his study of Marxism undertaken in the 1930’s with, notably, Ernst Bloch and Bertolt Brecht (the poet and playwright). Adorno), to One-Way Street, and his massive, unfinished Arcades Project, with numerous other studies, essays, and radio broadcasts between. His analysis is influenced by but also critical of Nietzsche’s ideas of tragedy and argues that they ought to be considered, too, by their own immanent standards-this work was later the subject of a course at Frankfurt taught by Theodor W. His first 1919 dissertation, for the University of Bern in Switzerland, was entitled “The Concept of Art Criticism in German Romanticism,” led him into work on Goethe (his significant essay of 1924-5 “Goethe’s Elective Affinities” commanded criticism to work to reveal the “truth content of a work of art,” the inner truth of art bound up with but beneath its “material content,” which means that artwork contains its own inner criterion of truth and judgment found in the unity of its distinct form), then his second dissertation Origin of the German Mourning-Play (on the German Trauerspiels, the baroque drama of the 16 th-17 th centuries characterized by a simplicity of action and flat characters with bombastic language, a high use of props and thematic focus on violence, suffering, and death. After this, he was exposed to strong Neo-Kantian philosophy (which later filled out his account of experience and was blended with Platonic influence), broke with the Youth Movement (over their praise of war for ethical experience), and began a close friendship with the later-famous Jewish scholar of Kabbalah, Gershom Scholem. His early intellectual work was guided by his participation in the Youth Movement (led by Gustav Wyneken, a liberal education reformer concerned with the ‘spiritual purity’ of youth), and his interest in the idea of experience, inspired by his readings of Nietzsche, specifically with the idea of immediate, metaphysical experience of spirit (which was contrasted to the empty, un-artistic experiences of a life half lived). Born into a Jewish family in Berlin Germany in 1892, this major Critical Theorist made significant theoretical contributions to diverse areas of philosophy.

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